The correct curve between the stopping potential $(V_s)$ and intensity of incident light $(I)$ is

The graph shows the stopping potential as a function of the frequency of incident radiation for two different surfaces $A$ and $B$. The work function of surface $A$ is ......

If $m$ is the mass of an electron and $c$ is the speed of light,then the ratio of the wavelength of a photon of energy $E$ to the wavelength of an electron of the same energy is:

Answer the following questions:
$(a)$ Quarks inside protons and neutrons are thought to carry fractional charges $[(+2/3)e, (-1/3)e]$. Why do they not show up in Millikan's oil-drop experiment?
$(b)$ What is so special about the combination $e/m$? Why do we not simply talk of $e$ and $m$ separately?
$(c)$ Why should gases be insulators at ordinary pressures and start conducting at very low pressures?
$(d)$ Every metal has a definite work function. Why do all photoelectrons not come out with the same energy if incident radiation is monochromatic? Why is there an energy distribution of photoelectrons?
$(e)$ The energy and momentum of an electron are related to the frequency and wavelength of the associated matter wave by the relations:
$E = h\nu, p = \frac{h}{\lambda}$
But while the value of $\lambda$ is physically significant,the value of $\nu$ (and therefore,the value of the phase speed $\nu\lambda$) has no physical significance. Why?

The book “Physics of Physics” was written by

Give a powerful way to determine an upper limit to the size of the electron.